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Objective To analyze the occurrence characteristics of adverse events following immunization (AEFI) in Ningbo and to provide the basis for evaluating the safety of vaccine. Methods The AEFI case data from 2009 to 2016 were collected by the Chinese Adverse Events Following Immunization Information Management System and the Chinese Immunization Planning Information Management System. The descriptive analysis was used for AEFI reporting time, demographic characteristics, classification, outcome and vaccine distribution. Results From 2009 to 2016, 5036 AEFI cases were reported. The average incidence rate was 18.36 per 100000. The most of the cases were reported from May to August, which accounted for 44.18％. The most of cases were occurred in the infant group (≤ 1 year old), which accounted for 66.30％. The highest incidence rate was occurred in the age group of 6 years, which was 47.87 per 100000. Among 5036 cases of AEFI, 4946 cases were vaccine reaction, accounting for 98.21％. The most of symptoms were fever, swelling and indurations, accounting for 84.69％. There were 4523 cases (89.81％) of AEFI occurred within two day after vaccination. The incidence rate of Non national immunization program vaccine (19.59 per 100000) was higher than that of national immunization program vaccine (17.89 per 100000) (P<0.05) . Except 151 unknown, 96.86％ (4878/5036) cases were improved and recovered. Three cases of sequelae were all coincidence event. Among the 4 cases of death, in addition to 1 case of systemic disseminated BCG infection, 3 of the other cases were coincidental event. Conclusion AEFI cases occurred mainly in the infant group and occurred within two day after vaccination. In general, the safety of vaccines was satisfied.
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@#AIM: To explore the application value of glycosylated hemoglobin after cataract surgery in diabetic patients.<p>METHODS: Selected 120 patients with cataract surgery from May 2014 to May 2016 in ophthalmology department of our hospital, were divided into diabetic group(80 patients with 110 eyes)and control group(40 patients with 48 eyes). According to the HbA1c levels, diabetic group was divided into high HbA1c group(HbA1c>7.0%)and low HbA1c group(HbA1c≤7%). The total macular volume and central retinal thickness were observed before and at 1mo after the cataract operation in the three groups.<p>RESULTS: The central retinal thickness of the macular area in the diabetic group was significantly higher than that in the control group(<i>P</i><0.05). The total volume of macular foveal retinal thickness before and at 1mo after the operation in the high HbA1c group were significantly higher than those of low HbA1c group and the control group(<i>P</i><0.05). The indexes of preoperative and 1mo postoperative of low HbA1c group were slightly higher than those of the normal control group(<i>P</i>>0.05). <p>CONCLUSION: HbA1c is positively correlated with macular retinal thickness after cataract surgery, and it can be used for monitoring the occurrence and development of macular edema after cataract surgery. For patients whose preoperative HbA1c is higher than 7%, the application of active intervention is needed to protect the visual function.
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Objective To know the immunologic response at different periods with different hepatitis B vaccine(HepB)in infants.Methods From July 1 to December 31 in 2009,the local infants born from hepatitis B virus(HBV)surface antigen (HBsAg)negative mother in Ninghai were selected and received a 0.5 ml of 5 -μg HepB made by recombinant deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)techniques in saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast (HepB -SCY)and those in Yuyao were selected and received a 0.5 ml of 10 -μg HepB made by recombinant DNA techniques in hansenula polymorpha yeast (HepB -HPY)with a 0 -1 -6 month schedule.The specimens of blood were collected at 7 months,12 months and 18 months after vaccination for testing antibody.Results At 7 months,12 months and 18 months after vaccination,the geometric mean concentration (GMC)of Anti -HBs in HepB -SCY group were 714.79 ±3.50 mIU /mL,259.89 ± 3.87 mIU /mL and 78.38 ±4.04 mIU /mL,respectively.While in HepB -HPY group were 2 420.76 ±3.51 mIU /mL, 703.55 ±3.46 mIU /mL and 171.32 ±3.76 mIU /mL,respectively.There was statistical significant difference of GMC between HepB -SCY group and HepB -HPY group(P <0.01).The percent of antibody <100 mIU /mL in HepB -SCY group were 6.39%,23.33% and 55.42%,and in HepB -HPY group,were 2.17%,5.17% and 31.95%,respectively. The difference between HepB -SCY group and HepB -HPY group had significantly statistical significance (P <0.01 ). Conclusion The immunologic response at different periods of HepB -HPY was better than that of HepB -SCY.
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Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of age distribution of measles and related policies on measles vaccines (live; MV) in infants through analyzing the antibody levels of comparison in maternal-infant pairs. Transition of immunity in infants was also studied to provide theoretic basis for measles immunization strategy and to reduce the incidence of month-old infants. Methods In cities of Ningbo, Harbin, and Jinan from Zhejiang, Heilongiiang and Shandong provinces, data was collected from 2004 to 2007 and analyzed regarding the epidemic situation of measles. Studies on maternal-transferred measles antibody were carried our sero-epidemiologically. Results Most of the measles cases were found among babies younger than 12 months,and the incidence of < 1 year olds had been increasing.The distribution was dominated by 5-8 month olds in infant measles cases. The positive rate and GRMT of measles antibody in newborns were 89.3 percent and 738.93. The positive rate of the measles antibody and GMRT of the 6-month infant were 6.9 % and 6.89, while 6.7 % and 3.69 in 8-month infant. There wasa declining trend of the positive rate of the measles antibody during the newborns to 8-month infant. The positive rate and GRMT of measles antibody in mothers were 84.3 percent and 516.94. Mother's measles antibodies mainly to be at low and moderate level, which accounted for 50.4 percent and 30.3 percent respectively, the correlation coefficient between mother and infant was 0. 840. Conclusion Maternal-transferred measles antibody decreased as the growth of infants. The positive rates of measles antibody were quite low in 6-month and 8-month olds which were the age range that needs most attention.